Resource-saving methods

Abstract

The Russian Federation has huge resources of raw materials, materials, fuel, and energy. However, these reserves are not unlimited. Thus, mineral deposits in the European part of the Russian Federation are decreasing and will practically exhaust themselves within 20-30 years. Oil, gas, coal, and ore production is gradually moving further to the north and east of the country, in particular to remote areas of Siberia. The mineral deposits being discovered are getting deeper. The delivery of raw materials to the places of their processing is becoming increasingly difficult. The amount of water consumed increases and, accordingly, the costs of its purification and transfer. As a result, raw materials, fuel and energy are becoming more expensive for consumers, and more and more funds are required for nature protection. This causes a sharp increase in the need for capital investments. For the further development of the country's economy, it is necessary to expand the extraction of minerals, increase the volume of capital investments and increase the number of employees. However, there is a more rational way – resource conservation at all stages of passage, involvement and use. The total cost of saving material and fuel and energy resources is 3-5 times less than the cost of their extraction and production. Therefore, resource conservation should be given priority. To implement resource-saving in the production of products, a normative method is proposed, the model of which is presented in the article. To identify reserves of resource savings, it is proposed to use the method of functional cost analysis. These methods have been tested by the author in practice and have shown positive results.